Uzito wa kuzaliwa wa kawaida kwa watoto ni karibu kilo 2.5 au zaidi. Mtoto aliye na uzito mdogo anaweza kuwa na uzito chini ya gramu 2500 (kilo 2.5).
Hali ya mtoto kuzaliwa na uzito mdogo hujulikana kwa kitaalamu kama Low birth weight (LBW).
![uzito mdogo](https://isayafebu.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/baby-being-weighed-scale.jpg)
Kuna sababu nyingi zinazoweza kusababisha mtoto kuzaliwa na uzito mdogo, zikiwemo:
1) Utapiamlo Wa Mama Mjamzito.
Lishe duni wakati wa ujauzito inaweza kusababisha mtoto kuzaliwa na uzito mdogo.
Mama mjamzito anapaswa kula vyakula vyenye lishe ya kutosha, pamoja na kuwa na virutubisho muhimu.
![utapiamlo wa mama mjamzito](https://isayafebu.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/IMG_4392_embed.jpg)
2) Uzito Wa Mama Mjamzito.
Uzito wa mama mjamzito wakati wa ujauzito unaweza kuathiri uzito wa mtoto.
Mama mwenye uzito mdogo sana kabla ya kushika mimba au mama anaye punguza uzito wakati wa ujauzito anaweza kuwa na hatari kubwa ya kujifungua mtoto mwenye uzito mdogo.
![Uzito Wa Mama Mjamzito](https://isayafebu.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/bigstock-Upper-view-of-pregnant-woman-s-301143013-1024x683.webp)
3) Matatizo Ya Kiafya Ya Mama Mjamzito.
Mama mjamzito mwenye magonjwa kama vile kisukari, shinikizo la juu la damu, au magonjwa mengine ya kiafya anaweza kuwa katika hatari kubwa ya kujifungua mtoto mwenye uzito mdogo.
![gestational diabetes mellitus](https://isayafebu.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/COURSE008_01v5.0-1024x576.jpg)
4) Uvutaji Wa Sigara.
Wanawake wanaovuta sigara wakati wa ujauzito wanaweza kuwa katika hatari kubwa ya kujifungua watoto wenye uzito mdogo.
Kemikali zinazopatikana katika sigara zinaweza kuzuia mtiririko wa damu iliyobeba lishe na hewa ya oksijeni kwenye kondo la uzazi (placenta), hali ambayo inaweza kupelekea upungufu wa lishe kwa mtoto aliye tumboni, hivyo kuweza kusababisha mtoto kuzaliwa na uzito mdogo.
![Uvutaji Wa Sigara](https://isayafebu.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/BUT4RN34SXJZWDGXXT5BOTR72Q.jpg)
5) Unywaji Wa Pombe Na Matumizi Ya Madawa Ya Kulevya.
Unywaji wa pombe na matumizi ya madawa ya kulevya wakati wa ujauzito yanaweza kusababisha mtoto kuzaliwa na uzito mdogo na matatizo mengine kwa mtoto.
![Pombe Na Matumizi Ya Madawa Ya Kulevya](https://isayafebu.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/1540413134087-400tmaxGetty-Images.webp)
6) Kuchelewa Kuanza Kliniki Ya Uzazi.
Mama mjamzito ambaye huanza ziara ya kliniki ya uzazi kwa kuchelewa anaweza kukosa huduma za kutosha na ushauri wa lishe unaohitajika wakati wa ujauzito.
7) Kujifungua Mapema Kabla Ya Wiki 37 Za Ujauzito.
Mtoto aliyezaliwa mapema kabla ya wiki 37 za ujauzito (premature birth) anaweza kuwa na uzito mdogo kwa sababu hajakua kikamilifu.
![premature birth](https://isayafebu.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/LBW-blog-1.jpg)
HITIMISHO:
Ni muhimu kutambua kuwa mtoto kuzaliwa na uzito mdogo inaweza kuwa na athari mbaya kwa afya ya mtoto na inaweza kusababisha matatizo ya kiafya kwa mtoto.
Kwa hiyo, ni muhimu kwa wanawake wajawazito kudumisha lishe bora, kuepuka tabia hatarishi kama vile uvutaji wa sigara, matumizi ya dawa za kulevya, na kupata huduma ya matibabu na ushauri wa kiafya wakati wa ujauzito ili kuhakikisha afya bora ya mama na mtoto aliye tumboni.
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